Understanding Pelvic Floor Dysfunction: From Urinary Leakage to Painful Intercourse

Pelvic floor dysfunction is a common yet often misunderstood condition that affects both men and women, involving a range of symptoms related to the muscles of the pelvic floor. These muscles support the bladder, bowels, and in women, the uterus. Dysfunction in this area can lead to a variety of uncomfortable and distressing symptoms (and it isn’t always easy to talk about…). Here’s a quick look at pelvic floor dysfunction, from urinary leakage to pain during sexual activity. 

Urinary Issues: More Than Just Leakage

One of the hallmark symptoms of pelvic floor dysfunction is urinary incontinence, or the involuntary leakage of urine. This can occur during physical activities, such as coughing, sneezing, running or even laughing, a condition known as stress urinary incontinence. However, urinary symptoms can also include urgency (a sudden, compelling need to urinate), frequency (needing to urinate more often than usual), and difficulty starting urination or fully emptying the bladder. 

Bowel Dysfunction: A Sensitive Topic

Pelvic floor dysfunction can also affect bowel control. Individuals may experience constipation, straining during bowel movements, or a sense of incomplete evacuation. Some may suffer from fecal incontinence, which is the involuntary loss of stool. 

Sexual Discomfort: A Common Yet Taboo Subject

Pain during intercourse, known as dyspareunia, is another symptom of pelvic floor dysfunction that can be particularly distressing. Women may experience pain at the entrance of the vagina or deeper in the pelvis. Some may experience difficulty achieving orgasm or pain with orgasm. These issues can significantly affect sexual health and intimacy, leading to emotional and psychological distress. 

Chronic Pelvic Pain: An Overarching Symptom

Chronic pelvic pain, lasting six months or more, is a common aspect of pelvic floor dysfunction. This pain may be constant or intermittent and can be aggravated by sitting, standing, or engaging in physical activity. The pain can manifest in the lower back, pelvis, genitals, or rectum, and its intensity can vary. 

Pelvic floor dysfunction can significantly impact quality of life, but it is treatable! You don’t have to “just deal” with these symptoms. If you’re experiencing any of these symptoms, consult with a pelvic floor physical therapist for a comprehensive evaluation and personalized treatment plan.